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uïïun 168, kuçyur 2961 (Avril 2011) |
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Arrif Yura t: Ouajd Karkar Neccin irrifiyen D imjapden zi rebda, Njaped s ufus nnegh Japdent ra d tiniba.1Arrif d ict n teghmart zi tghemura n Lmerrvuk i d yussin deg ughezdis azzvermadv xef tma n Ayell acemrar n tuzzvumt2, taghmart a nigh tamurt a n Arrif axatar i yedjan d tamurt n irrifiyen zi tqicct n adrar ameqran Gibraltar, ar tanila n tagut3 i d yussin awaday i Biyya Lhussima. Amamec ra d tutlayt n Ayt n Arrif ttetwassen s yisem n: tarrifit, nigh s yisem wis sin: tamazight n Arrif. Zdat i tsimant4 n Lmerrvuk deg 1956, tugha Arrif d ict n tmurt iscan ghar s Lmexzen s yisem n blad ssiba, di twarat d icten blad lmexzen tugha tt d tamurt i xef yesdurri Ssultvan. Tumliyin n isental5 a kint id z ghar reboadv n inmezrayen6 d irumiyen i d yeswizvden ghar tmesrayt a mahend ad agh innin belli: Arrif netta oemmares war xaf s isdurri Lmexzen, Arrif netta tugha t d tiqebbar i war ixisen ad irint deg ufus n uzviyyar, Arrif d aydud i tugha yedjan mgal i marra asdurri, ammu s isaran7 n inmezrayen a nttessen ra d min tugha yeona Lmexzen ameghrabi adaxer igudar n tghermatin8 nnes, d mayemmi ira tugha ikkessi isem n blad ssiba d ijj n uzawar i marra tiqebbar d redcurat d timizar i war izemmar ad yadef deg wakud9 nni yeodan, tiqebbar i ntaf ghar unegaru ya aqa tent marra adaxer i yejj n wudem, udem n Tegldit tamaghrabit10. D.M.Hart deg wawar nnes yenna: Tamurt n Lmexzen tugha tt d ict n rudva tusi d xef tghart n Atlantik11 deg ughezdis n waday n Lmerrvuk, suya tamurt n Lmexzen tugha tt, war tiywiydv ura d azyen n Lmervrvuk i yedjan ruxa. Di twarat d icten tamurt n ssiba tugha tt d ict n tmurt d tameqrant attvasv, s idurar d tinarzufin, maca Lmexzen netta ira itragha ghar s ismawen war yecnin, amacnaw: Tamurt n Imenghan, Tamurt n Ssiba nigh Tamurt n Imenzagh12 (Part, 1976:8). Tugha amarnnay rebda itghir di tannayt13 nnes ghar netta izemmaren ad yari amezruy wehdes, suya i ntaf amezruy amaddud14 i tzemmem Tawankt Tamaghrabit15 netta d ijjen umezruy yura s isaran n usxarrveq mahend ad tt wasinef tidet n timmewa nnedvni. Amya Lmexzen Ameghrabi netta ira war itghir ca amezruy n Arrif aqqet yarcem di ridaret16 n waydud arrifi amacnaw arcem xef yesran, isran n tenfust d isefra izaykuten17, deg ughezdis a ntaf belli amezruy i ghar tsenned Tanbadvt Tameghrabit18 netta d ijj n umezruy yeggêj attvasv xef tidet d tirawt19 n umezruy arrifi, irrifiyen nitni amacnaw marra imazighen di Tamazgha i yedjan d imezdagh imezwura n Tmazgha, deg wemnadv20 a nttessen ra d ioraben belli sugen d aked walik21 nnsen ghar tmurt n imazighen deg unegaru n rqarn Vll, mahend ad hewsen tamurt d wagra d tyarja n Ayt umazigh s yisem n Lislam. Amec tetwagg tasultanit n Dris Amezwaru deg useggwas n 759 di teghremt n Fas, maca di twarat d icten imazighen ira nitni d imezdagh n Lmerrvuk ira nitni d Ayt n tmurt zi zic n zic. Amamec yenna amesnfagan22 Clifford Geertz: Qa tarennawt23 n tarbiht tasultanit tedwar ghar umyawas ittwaggen jar ifranssisen d isbbunya aked Lmexzen Ameghrabi, amamec ra d tirvzvi24 i yetwamssaren i Tagduda Tarrifit25. Ra zat wara awarnay i wadaf n tinbadvin timbbiryaliyin26 ghar tiwazviwin27 n imazighen deg unegaru n rqarn XIX d usenti n rqarn XX, irifiyen ira tughaten d irelliyen, segguren ixf nnsen s ixf nnsen tugha ten zemmaren ad munnen d icten n tadusi28, tadusi i d gha izemmaren ad tegg Tagduda Tamazight, amux tetwagg Tagduda Tarrifit deg 1921 ar mani d 1926 sadu i yisem n uselway29 Abdkrim Lxattvabi. Waxxa s tisnfla30 n umezruy d tirvzvi n Tagduda Tarrifit d wattvasv n isemdan31 nnedvni i yetwamssaren xef Arrif d waraw nnes, amcnaw: Asrazvi, asinef, aziyar, asorreb, aseoreq, maca waxxa yameni tanzabayt32 di yarrif, war temut war tmetti, ad teqqim rebda tbedd s ayt bab nnes, amux yenna David Montgomery Hart: “tanzbayt di yarrif war temmut ca, nettat ghar ttettves wapa” amya neccin irrifiyen d imjapden deg ubrid isentan inuba33 nnegh; ass a: “d imjapden n wawar”, “ad njaped s ufus nnegh, ad njaped s wurawen nnegh d tighisin nnegh. timiwa -Aswik, Mohamed, 2008 Asfru amazigh azayku. Matvabio Al-anwar Al-magpribiya, Oujda. -Hart, Montgomery David, 1976 The Aith Waryaghar of the Moroccan Rif, an Ethonography and History. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology.University of Arizona, Arizona. -Geertz Clifford, 1994 Observando el Islam.Paidós, Barcelona.-Gellner Ernest,1969 The Saints of the Atlas. Weidenfeld And Nicolson, London. -Qassuh Lyamani, 2003 “Imazighen jar weoraq d useoraq”, deg uneghmis n tawiza utvtvun 72, Selwan-Nadur. -Ramírez Rodríguez F. T. Azul U, 2008 Estudio Etnoarqueológico sobre “Conjuntos Domésticos” en el Rif central marroquí. Tesis de Maestría en Estudios Arqueológicos, ENAH, México D,F. Tizmilin: 1Dv ijj n yezri zeg yezran yetwannan dvi tanghit (Esp. Guerra) i yemsaren jar Ayt n Arrif dv usbbanyu dvi Dpar ubaran dveg 1921.2 Esp. Mediterráneo 3 Esp. En la parte este de la bahía 4 Esp. Independencia 5 Esp. Conceptos de los sujetos 6 Esp. Historiadores 7 Esp. Plumas 8 Esp. Ciudades 9 Esp. Tiempo 10 Esp. Reino de Marruecos 11 Esp. Costera Atlántica 12 Esp. Conflictos 13 Esp. Opinión 14 Esp. Oficial 15 Esp. Estado Marroquí 16 Esp. Memoria 17 Esp. Poemas antiguos 18 Esp. Gobierno Marroquí 19 Esp. Realidad 20 Esp. Contexto 21 Esp. Invasión 22 Esp. Antropólogo 23 Esp. Victoria 24 Esp. Deshecho 25 Esp. Republica Rifeña 26 Esp. Gobiernos Imperialistas 27 Esp. Regiones 28 Esp. Fuerza 29 Esp.Presidente 30 Esp. Vaivenes 31 Esp. Eventos 32 Esp. Resistencia 33 Esp. Abuelos
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