Irifiyen n Franku: jar tasekla d umezruy

Yura t: Andich idir

Deg umegrad a war ntic bu ca n taynit d tameqrant i tasnakudt (chronilogie) n imcumbucen i yegga Franku di tmazirt n Svbbanya, ura d uswizi n irifiyen day s. Nxes ad nidar cwayt n izlan i tugha qqaren irifiyen d trifeyin mahend ad nawedv ad nessen tamlilt (rôle) n tasekla tamazight deg uzemmem d hettvu n tmekttit, s uyenni iqqen ura d neccin ad nzemmem izlan a itwannan dg ukud nni hima tamekttit tanamurt (la mémoire nationale) war tweddvar, u war tettviw aked usvemmidv.

Bac ad nssiwel xef wakud n umenghi n Franku (i zi itwassnen ghar irifiyen) di Svbbanya d uswizi n irifiyen d imerrukiyen day s, ixesv zeg umezwar ad nedwel cwayt ghar udeffar afad ad nessegzu anaw n wassagh (pour comprendre la nature de la relation) illan jar arrif d Ibiriyen Isvbbunya .

Amsawadv i tugha illan jar asen d azayku s wattvas, war ghar s ibuda ura d iguttuten, itwassenta s usmskel n tsebbabt u yesyura s imenghan (Mritc, Sidi Waryac, Tittvawin …) .

Aked tlalit n taymberyalit tamedvlant ssentan Isvebbunya arezzun xef ca n imucan zeg umadval ipebbaj , amec i tugha traghan i Irubbiyen i yeghrfan n tafriqt d asya… d min i zi itwassnen awrud s timura n umadval wiss kradv.

U mahned ad ttun tasekna n Kuba (1895) Isvbbunya xezzarn d ghar yeffus nsen, maca deg yeffus a yemsar asen ujar zi Kuba s cra n mraw n twaratin, war kkar ad ssarsen inyen nsen (dssas nsen) di arrif ar mani i zzay sen zvrin muc d ungar, awarni i wattvas n imenghan di arrif, amezwaru akd wanag (martyr) Muhemmed Amezvyan (1909-1912) d umcubbec n userillt s adu i tehngart n Mulay Muhend (1921-1926) u ghar uneggaru qao id yussa uswizi n imerrukiyen imazighen deg umenghi agharim (La guerre civile) n1936-1939.

Deg umezwaru iqqen ad nidar imentilen n tidet i yejjin irifiyen hima ad bbulsen s bezzez deg userdas n Franku, ttini ict tghuri tegg it tamssigelt u tamerzzut deg yeyyar n umezruy « Marria Ruza Madariga » belli tugha din ijjen ubarreh d ameqran di marra tighemmura n arrif, iqqar, ixes zeg irifiyen ad kkaren ad bedden aked Franku mgal (contre)i marksiyen d icuoiyen i war itghiren s tilawt n Wakucc, ujar zi manawya tugha dinni cra ineghmisen sxarrqen, qqaren ira Franku yedwer d amslem, zvrin t iwdan di Mekka u yexs ad islekk Svebbanya zi tqebbidvt n irumiyyen d imarksiyen, ad tt yarr d tameslemt, u deg yeyyar a tirar zzawect Taderqawit ict temlilt d taxatart deg ubarreh yad, amec umi itlaghan dghi amussu anamur (mouvement national) yegga ixef nes d aderghal war itwili, d adepcur war itseli, minzi di ltva nni iwca Franku i ‘wmeghnas’ Obdlxaleq Ttvurris tazrfanit i wkabar nes amaynu aodvar anamur, rexdenn id tseqsa Mariya Ruza Madariga deg udellis nes «imerrukiyen di tawuri n franku»: (Mara imayar n ifaciyen d tiberkanin, tenni n i naziyen hdvqent , taynart Tasbanyut d tazerwalt, pi man tt initen (Couleur) i ghar s ghar inamuren imerrukien ? ).

Di turda ynu idjan d turda ura n Marryia Ruza imentilen i yejjin tadersi (minority) n irifiyen ad bbulsen deg userdas asvebbanyu, netta d tzawa i yezvra Arrif jar 1934 d 1935 i di islulen s ijjen n uzledv irqef aorahar marra rwacunat n arrif. War ntettu ca arpaj i ssuysen Isvebbunya d Ifransisen aked tawiza n lmexzen xef redcur n arrif, islul d reprac n uxenzir, imjaren attvas n imezdagh, danita yeqqar ijj n izli d amazigh:

"Jj ayi a yemma, jj ayi ad bbulsegh. Ict tbuyut ad tettegh, ict n ad am t id sqadvegh".

Maca waxxa amenni ticcemt n irifiyen tugha ten mgal n webbules nsen deg userdas, s unegmedv awarni i “ wlaghi id yussin deg ict n tebrat issudver it mass Azerqan aneghlif n ugensu di ltva n tagduda tarrifit zi Fass i tettar day s zeg irrifiyen mahned war tilin ca aked Franku… deg ussegwas n 1936 yedwel abbules iqseh raminni war d idwil ura d ijjen zeg imerdas imezwura ibbulsen”(1) , marra imentilen a jjin isvebbunya ad ggen marra min ghar sen d tizemmar hima ad sbezzezn abbules xef irifiyen, s uya yuss d ijjen n uwardi zi tnebdvt tasbaniyut ghar imgharen n tqebbal, tettar zi kuy taqbilt ad tsbules 500 n umerdas zi tarwa nes s ughir, ar mani i yiwedv uttvun ghar 65000 amec teqqar “Marriya Ruza Madariga”, ad nidar ijjen sin n izlan izzuguzen addad n tiklisent (psychologie, absikyluji) n irifiyen marra deg wakud nni jar 1934 d 1937 i ssawlen xef ubbules n bezzez:

"Uma mermi yuyar, mermi yenya! Uma mermi yenna: Llap ipennik a yemma” .

D ijjen nnidven imsarwas aked wen id as yezzaren .

"Rebbi mermi nura, rebbi mermi nezwa! Rebbi mermi nenna: Llap ipennik a yemma”.

Izlan a ssecanen anegh ijjen n wudem d amezvyan i webbules n bezzez i yemsaren deg wattvas n iraqqen di arrif. Ad nawedv ghar ijjen ugmudv d aneggaru: irifiyen war xisen bu ad bbulsen deg userdas n Franku zeg umezwaru, mayinzi war ttun ca deghya amezruy nsen iccuren s idammen aked Usvbbanyu, war ttun ca ussan nsen aked Mulay Muhend, arni xaf s yenni ixsen ad irin aked Usvbbanyu, ntaf d zvledv i ten ioarnen ghar ubbules.

Maci mghir irifiyen i tugah deg userdas Usvbbanyu danita teqqar Marryia Ruza Madariga belli dinni 9000 n Ubaoemrani (zi ayt baoemran) iccaten urdvun , aked cra n imerdas zi regnus tidiktaturyin timeddukal i Svebbunya , zzay sen inaziyen Ilimaniyen, Ifaciyen Itvalyen, Icuoiyen n Arrusya, timeggura yad tugha trajant zi Svbbanya akidsen tmyawaz deg imenghi tamdvlant wiss sin (1939-1945) d manawya i war imsaren min y jjin tadiktaturit n Svebbanya ad teddar ar 1975 itsemma ar raxart n Franku .

Da izlan irrifiyen qqaren:

-"Aliman Aliman, a memmis n tfunasin,

Cek id anegh yejjin nssudum tizeyyatin".

- "Wami id icarref xef dpar n Xarraba

Issugd as Arruxu imun d aked Arrusya".

Raminni iwdven irrifiyen ad swizan deg imenghan n Isvbbunya ggin ten d ijjen ugeddim n weksum i ghar isreqqan xef yennidven illan awarni tsen, s uyenni attvas n irifiyen ruhen mmuten u nyzemen u deg usenti n imenghi yad, deg assegwas n 1936 aorahar war d idvwir ura d ijjen zzay sen, s uyenni amec nnigh di min yeodvan, tedvwer svbanya ghar ubbules n irrifiyen s bezzez, irifyen deg ussan ni twaran ict n tmeslayt zzat nsen tiriw d tebbarken nettat d Raxart, ar mani idvwel usntel (sujet) n raxart d temttant issu yiman n irrifiyen amec it id yusa deg izlan yad:

- "Byyes a byyas nnem, tegged xaf s remdvemmett, Neccin nura ad nezvwa, ghar Svebbanya ad nemmet".

D ijjen nneghni:

- "Byyes a byyas nnem, oder as zzeyar

Abulis n Madrar (Madrid ) wellap oemmar s tezr it"

-"Wami tedvwa tejdvidvt , tedvwa ttveyyara

Teysi irrifiyen tewca zzay sen i ujenna".

- "Agharrabu n urumi di Mritc itraj ayi

Ralla tammurt inu oemmars tzrid ayi" .

Jar ifassen nnegh ijjen izli itic i wen id as itslan ict tulaft teccur s tasekna, izli yad issawal xef umsafadv n tarwa n ijjen rwacun:

- "Munend ihenjiren xef ssinyyett

Neccin qa nuyar ghar Svebbanya ad nemmt".

Amec tezrim u tehadvam deg izlan a yecnan i yesnflel zpir n tegrawt n irrifiyen, asentel n tmettant ghar s tansa nnes di tiklisent (psychologie, tabsikyulujit) n urrifi s unegmedv awarni i wadaf nsen deg imenghi uffin ixef nsen d ageddim n uksum, marra teyyit a day sen itekk d amezwaru, attvas n ineyzam i di iwettvan d ubarru n inagen, min ijjin raxart tezdegh ixsan nsen u tacan akides mani memma rahen nigh mmutyen di Svebbanya, kuy ass tghiren t d ameggaru di firu n buhber nsen.

Maca arrifi issenta itxarrves aked yiman nnes, itseqsa ixef nes (min da teggeh nec?!), ujar zi manawya yuffa itnqtmar xef ict n tesghart xef ijjen yijjed ( religion) ghar umeggar netta war day sen itarss walu, rexdenn id itkkwar addad it yejjin ad yili aked imenhas a n isvebbunya u tessnta tassddect n tarwra zi tmessi nni tasvemmadvt i yejjin aksum nes d taneghda .

imenghi ya yekka xef wattvas tiferkiwin (étapes) ad nidar cra zzay sen maca war yedji amec itoawadven imarzzuten d imssiglen, upu! Ad noawedv zi teghmart amec it itwara umedyaz arrifi:

- Agharrabu n urumi di Mritc itraj ayi

Ralla tammurt inu oemmar s tezrid ayi

- Ghezzu day tegga Svebbanya di Malagha

Rami i day i tiwwi tarwa n oemmi marra.

- Kkin s nnej i wjenna, min d ghedvren d amettva

Xedvren ghar Tulidvu arnin ghar Malagha.

- Ixedvr d ghar Xuzirat yufa murvu yarsa

Yarhem Arebbi yemmas ten das ggin lehla.

Deg ugensu n umccumbc d imenghan, atarras yedwel ifetteh deg yilen n idvammen n ineyzam isghuyyun s tiqest n iwzwizen, jar luluf n yenni itmettan kuy ass, ca nedvren t mani ghad yewdva, tadersi zynfan ixsan nsen di tmurt mani i d lulen, maca yenni iked ybedd zpar, jar idvennadv arrifi tughat d ahhuri xef tmurt nnes d wass a aqatt d ismegh jar ifassen n Franku, jar idvannadv d wass a jar min izriyen d yidv a qqimen cra n izlan toawaden i warraw amaynu min yekkin xef irrifiyen di tmessi n Ibirya:

- Rburqi n zzaj di Svebbanya ipeddem

Min iwi d arumi, min iwi d amsrem.

- Xeccen ghar tmurt, ghar timessi targha

Aksum nsen yedwer d taneghda.

- Dinni iqdvan ifutixen n sbotac asna

Ticcuccay nsen d rferfer immwa.

Imenghan a slulend abarru n ineyzam d imeodvar d cigan irahen ddaren dwren d aked usemmidv d tnifest, zeg yenni immuten wen iked ibedd zpar qa xef rmehmer itwaksi d ad zedghen ixsan nnes, tamurt d ucal nnes.

- Ttvumubil tazegwaght id yeksin imeodvar

Teysi d Loebbudi, d Oumar ikes as udvar.

- Hedd yekes as ufuss, hedd yeks as udvar

Svebbanya tireft tejja anegh d imeodvar (2).

Zeg ussegwass ameggar n umcumbec ar dghi ( ar djuxa) tezri cra n 70 issegussa, imccarcuten day s twattun ra zi tanbadvt tasvebbanyut ra zi tanbadvt tamerrukit, itoini nitni tugha ccaten urdun sbnghar ma ad ssnen belli qa ssgaoden deg ijjen udiktatur icca aydud nes anict i yecca aksum nsen , iswa tidi n waydud nes anict iswa tidi nsen , s uyenni marra iggagen ura d isertanen trakkwaren ad xaf sen ssiwlen, war ten tidraen axminni oemmar s war swizan deg imenghiten a .

maci am Imrrukyen n umenghi umadval wiss sin asl ma ad ssnen ura nitni ssigwjen ifacyen d inazyen iodawen n tudert d tefganit s nnej i yexsan nsen , da ntaf (mgal i waddad izryen ) attvas n imussnawien tettaren zi tenbadvin nsen ad as naren taynit u ad asen arnin di tmnyat , jar sin n iddaden a n Imerrukiyen itghima amerruki amazigh d netta iccin aomud attvas. Maca mahned ad yili ijjen umuzzu (tolerance) jar irifiyen d isvbunya ixesv ad dwlen ghar tamekttit i ten icarcen , ad odren min ixesven ad itwaoder , hima ad nbna ijjen imal iccur s tidukla .

ar danita niwedv ad nssen u ad nssij xef tamlilt n izlan d wazzvri nsen , izlan innan inuba nnegh wcin anegh d ict tulaft tiriw xef waddad nsen , d mammec i tugha tacan? d min imsaren nican , maca ixesv ad tili ict twiza zi marra imeghnas imazighen it arran taynit i ddab a n tsekla tatlayt ad smunen tizemmar nsen hima ad nyru min war itwazemmemen oad, bac ad nehdva tamekttit nnegh zi tmettant, hima war ntghimi am tbaghra nni ixsen ad tgg ticri n ttawes tuffu d rid d ticri nes rid d ticri n ttawes .

1) Tawiza, uttvun wis 117.

2) Izlan nni twaksind zeg udellis n izran, i tegga Mayssa Racida Lmerraqi.